Pressure-filter.



PETER E. MAGGINII, or Los ANGELES, 0 Lrroruvni.

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r Specification 01' Letters Patent.

Patented-Oct. 6, 1908.

hpplication filed May 28,1901; Seri a1No.376,209.

To all whom it may concern: 7

Be it known that 1, PET R E; MAGGINI, a

citizen of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, California, have invented a new and.

useful Pressure-Filter, ofwhic'h the following is a specification.

vide a ressure filter in which the fluid to be v filtere will be under full control when deliv-- after appear.

ered to the filter under heavy pressure, and h in which the pressure will not be liable to dis place the filtering material A furtherobject ofthe invention is to provide a superior arrangement and construction of filteri cu s forholding in place filterin materia su jected to heavypressure.

Ot er objects and advantagesmay'herethe filteringmaterial 'is omitted to more tion of the rated nipplesor cups.

clearly show interior. arts. Fig.2 is a cross section of the filters owing the filtering ma- 7 terial in lace. In this figure, the lower pore tion of t e legsis brokenfawayto contract the, view. 'Fig. ,3 is an enlarged perspective view of a fralment "ofthe interior construcpressing the filtering material. Fi tis an enlarged crossssectionofoneof t e perfo- The'u right air-tlght case of the filter is compose of two separable sections, an upper drum-sha ed section 1,- and a lower section "2, desirab y the shapeof an inverted bell.

The adjacent endsof these sections are respectively provided ,-with flanges 3 and 4 held together by bolts 5 and thumb-nuts; 6. A gasket7 is rovided to make a tight joint between said anges.

' Section '1 is furnished at its upper end with .tion of-the case contains granular ering side of ter showing means for com a flange 8 extending around the top thereof, said flange being sufliciently thick to have a threaded .hole 9 bored radially therethrough,

into which is screwed inlet pipe 10.

11 is a removable head forming a closure for the top of the'upper section of the case.-

v 12 is a reinforcing ri through which extend bolts 13, said bo ts passing through holes in the head 11, and flange 8. c

l 14 are thumb nuts screwing onto bolts 13 to clamp head 11 in place. As shown in the drawings, the upper secltering material su ported by a perforated plate 15,. and covered by another perforated plate 16. Supporting means, desirably a shoulder or le go 17, 1s provided to support the lower plate 15.

18 designates lugs with which cooperate depending L-shaped latches 18 to hold upper.

plate 16 firmly down upon the granular filtering material.

. 'Filtering material is built up on to of late 15 as follows: First a thin layer 0 asestos fiber 19, which is laid upon plate 15:

next comes a layer of sand 20: then a layer of charcoal (preferably bone charcoal) 21;

then an upper layer of sand 22; then another layer of asbestos fiber 23 next to the lower plate 16.

s 24 designates handles for use in removing plates 15and 16.

. 15, 16' are braces riveted or otherwise attached to the sides of plates 15 and 16, to strengthen said lates.

" h The chamber ormed by the lower section 2 of the case tapers downwardly as shown,

the outlet pipe 25 being located at the lower end thereof. Said taperin chamber contains a'pl-urality of remova le trays, as 26 and 27. I Each tray is furnished with a cluster of foraminated, hollow, open-top ed 011' s 28 extending downwardly there eneat Said ni ples are filled with fibrous filtering materia desirably sterilized cotton 29 in the lower tray 27, and asbestos cotton 29 in the upper tray 26. The asbestos fiber preferred 'is composed of fine filaments and resembles cotton in appearance.

The trays 26 and 27 are each provided with a cluster of foraminated cups having small perforations only, so that the ressure of fluid enterin the open tops of t e cups will not be liab e to crowd the filtering ma terial through the walls of the cups.

- It will be noted that the greater number of in an upright positron when the the perforations 28 0 en out laterally through the side wall of t e cu s, and hence are less likely to become clogge by sediment settling into them than if they were all at the bottom of the cups.

30 and 31 desi nate shoulders for supporting said trays. aid shoulders are desirably in the form of ledges extending around the chamber of section 2. The inner edge of the upper ledge 30 is of greater diameter than the tray next below, in order not to interfere with lifting the lower tray out of the filter.

32 designates bolts or other fastening rrieans for removably securing the trays in ace.

p A frame is provided for supporting the case of the filter. 35 are the legs of said frame,

and 36 is a bracing hoop, connected to each of the legs b rivets 37, or other fastening devices, desira ly at a point near the bottom of the case of the filter.

The upper portions of legs 35 are substantially vertical and extend adjacent to or contact with the peri hery of flange 3 with which the upper drum lraped section 1 of the case is provlded. Owing to this construction said legs 35 steadily support said upper section 1 ower section 2 is detached or the purpose of cleansing the filtering cups; gAnd this desirable result is obtained no matter to what height the u per section is adjusted relatively to the egs. The legs also contact with flange 4 and act as centering means when the lowering section of the filter is put in place.

The ranular matter in the upper portion of the ter is best ada ted to remove albuminous impurities. T e fibrous matter in the filtering cups in the lower section is adapted to retain any fine particles of solid matter and also impurities that tend to discolor the olive-oil. Persons accustomed to filterin olive-oil can tell from the ap earance o the oil which filtering materia the fibrous or the granular, first needs to be renewed.

In a filter constructed according to the principles of this invention the fibrous material 1s confined in one section and thegranular material in another section of the filter case, said sections being separable from each other in order that the operator may renew the filtering material of one section without disturbi that in the other. Hence it will be seen t at the kind of filtering material .used, the arrangement of the filtering material, the construction of the case, and the means for mounting the case, all 006 erate to produce new and useful results in t e art to which my invention ertains. I

Flange 8 .at the top 0 the case is provided with bosses 38, having vertical holes extending therethrough, receiving the upper ends of legs 35.

The legs 35 are ranged around the filter case, and being attached to the upper section thereof, hold said upper section in an upright position when the lower section is let down to lnspect or renew the material in the filtering cups.

'39 are screws for retaining the case of the filter at whatever height it is desired to adjust it.

40 is a faucet projecting from the head 11 to allow the air to escape when the liquid is allowed to flow into the filter.

25 is a faucet for controlling the flow 'of liquid throu h the outlet pipe 25.

The ranu ar filtering material, in the present em odiment of the-invention, sand and charcoal, is placed in the upper portion of the filter, as it is best adapted to perform the first step of the filtering process. A relatively large body of this sort of filtering material may be firmly packed into the space above filter plate 15.

The cotton and asbestos fiber are laced in the nipples 28, because it is better a apted to perform the final step in the filtering process, and because it contains no small grams which might close up the perforations 28 in the sides and lower rounded ends of hi ples 28.

The oil or other fluid to be filtered may be supplied under pressure to the filter from an elevated tank, or may be furnished under steam or other ressure.

Although I ave shown and described what I at present consider the best embodiment of the invention, it is to be understood that various changes of proportion and arrangement, such as fall within the scope of the claims, may be made without departing from the principles of the invention.

The invention is not limited to the use of a cup of any particular shape, although the word cup as used in. the claims is intended to refer to a vessel having an open to and a bottom closed in such a manner t at the pressure of the fluid as it enters'the top of each cup cannot crowd the filtering material through the bottom thereof. It should be noted that if any of the on s had bottom openings so large as to allow t e filtering material tobe crowded therethrough, such an occurrence would render all the other cups of a cluster practically inoperative by reason of the pressure being relieved therefrom.

I claim:

1. In a filter, in combination, a fluid-ti ht case composed of upper and lower detacha le sections, a set of upright legs supporting said upper section adjacent its upper end, said section bein vertically adjustable with relation to said egs, a flange at the lower end of said upper section adapted to guide the vertical movements of said upper section along said legs, a flange extending from the upper end of the lower section of the case, means for detachably securing said flanges together, granular filtering material in the upper section of the case, fibrous filtering material in said case, said legs extending along the outer I the lower section of the case an inlet for the sides of upper section, and an outlet section. r

2. In a filter, in combination, a fluid-tight case composed of upper andlower detachable sections, a set of upright legs supporting said upper section adjacent its upper end, said being vertically adjustable with relations together to form a fluid-tight case adapted to resist internal pressure, filtering material in the u per section adapted to extract one class 0% impurities, filtering material in the lower sec'tlon adapted to extract another class of impurities, inlet means for the upper section and outlet means for the lower sect on.

3. In a filter, in combination, a fluid-tight case composed of upper and lower detachable sections, a set of upright legs supporting said upper section-adjacent its upper end, ,said

. section being vertically adjustable with relation to said legs, means for securing said sections together to form a fluid-tight case adapted to resist internal pressure, filtering material in the upper section adapted to ex tract oneclass of impurities, filtering material in the lower section adapted to extract another class of impurities, inlet means for the upper section and outlet means for the lower section, said legs being adapted to act as guidingand centering means for the lower section w en the same is being elevated to operative position. v Y

4. A filter provided with an elongated up right case consisting of upper and lower sections, means external to said case for detachably holding saidsections together, a set of legs ranged around said case, and means vfor attaching said legs to the upper section of the top section of said case and said for the lower top section being vertically adjustable between said legs.

5. Ina filter, in combination, a case composed of upper and lower detachable sections,

a set of upright legs fastened to and supporting said upper section, said section being vertically adjustable with relation to said legs, means for securing saidsections together to form a fluid-tight joint therebetween, filtering material in the upper section adapted to extract one class of impurities, filtering material in the lower section adapted to extract another class of. impurities, inlet means for the upper section and outlet meansfor the lower section.

6. In a filter, in combination, a case composed of upper and lower detachable sections,

' means external of the case for fastening said sections together at their adjacent ends to form a fluid-tight case, filtering material in the u er section ada ted to extract one 1 Pg P class 0 impurities, filtering material in the lower section adapted to extract another class of impurities, inlet means for said upper section, outlet means for said lower section, and supporting means for said case, said supporting means being attached to and vertically adjustable along the sides of the top section of said case.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the resence of two subscribing witnesses at os Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California this twenty-second day of May 1907.

PETER E. MAGGINI. 

